PLA2R1 (BSB-129), MMab

Summary and Explanation

PLA2R1 is a new mouse monoclonal antibody for immunohistochemistry from Bio SB. PLA2R1 gene encodes phospholipase A2 receptor 1 protein, a 180 kDa transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by podocyte.  Approximately 70% of patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulopathy have autoantibodies directed against podocyte PLA2R1.  PLA2R1 also promotes tumor suppressive responses including senescence, apoptosis, and inhibition of transformation.  Known oncogenes such as HIF2α and c-Myc repress PLA2R1 expression.

PLA2R1 gain or loss of function experiments in vitro and in vivo shows that this receptor promotes several tumor suppressive responses including senescence, apoptosis and inhibition of transformation. Supporting a tumor suppressive role of PLA2R1, its expression decreases in numerous cancers, and known oncogenes such as HIF2α and c-MYC repress its expression. PLA2R1 promoter methylation, a classical way to repress tumor suppressive gene expression in cancer cells, is observed in leukemia, in kidney and in breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, PLA2R1 activates the kinase JAK2 and orients its activity towards a tumor suppressive one. PLA2R1 also promotes accumulation of reactive oxygen species which induce cell death and senescence. This review compiles recent data demonstrating an unexpected tumor suppressive role of PLA2R1 and outlines the future work needed to improve our knowledge of the functions of this gene in cancer.