Amyloid A (EP335), RMab

Summary and Explanation

Amyloidosis is a disease characterized by the abnormal build-up of amyloid, abnormal non-branching fibrillary β-pleated sheet proteins that are insoluble and highly resistant to proteolytic degradation that result in localized or systemic organ dysfunction. Amyloidosis are grouped as AL (primary), AA (secondary), and hereditary forms. Proper classification is important since treatment and prognosis of the disorders are vastly different. AA amyloidosis is associated with a variety of chronic inflammatory conditions and infections, derived from SAA. Immunohistochemical staining using a panel of antibodies including κ and λ Ig light chains, Amyloid A, and Transthyretin can aid in recognizing most forms of amyloid. The Amyloid A antibody immunostaining detects tissue deposition of serum Amyloid A protein, an acute phase reactive protein. It is positive in AA Amyloidosis and familial Mediterranean fever. Recently, SAA has also been investigated as a potential marker for neoplastic activity. SAA concentrations have been reported to be a marker of poor prognosis, elevated in patients with advanced stages of cancer and those with malignant disease.